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INDEX
   
_ Cover Page
_ Inner Cover Page
1 Editor's Comment/Contents
2 The Dream was to break the sound barrier on Land. Richard Noble explains how it was done
5 GSV IPT becomes the third IPT to join DVD
6 The World's First Super Sonic Car: A Design Challenge
8 TRW Conekt: Developing Sensor Fusion for Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems
13 British System Car Challenge Coming to the Boil..
14 Martin Gilbert Looks at other side of the Motorsports and Discovers the pull of the pitlane requries total dedication to the cause
17 Defining Product LifeCycle Management
20 In the Vanguard of Progress
23 PETC (Performance Engineering Training Consortium)
24 Marketing NVH
26 The Motorsport CPD Programme at the Motorsport Knowledge Exchange, Oxford Brookes University
30 Automotive Engineering and Leeds
32 Bowers & Wilkins and Jaguar in Harmony
34 Zircotec keeps Hot Impreza Cool
36 Advanced GM Allison Two Mode Parallel Hybrid Technology Read for Europe
41 TRW Conekt Sponsors Tudor Grange School in Formula School in Formula Schools Electric Challenge
42 SAE-UK.org Midland Centre Annual Dinner a "success"
43 On Wednesday 21st February, SAE-UK.org Midland Section hosted Dr. Tim Leverton's presentation at Coventry University
45 AWIM-UK.org: Report on SAE-UK.org charitable activities at the 3rd Annual Swindon Science Festival Event 8th and 9th March 2007.
47 Review of the 39th SAE-UK North-Eastern Section Annual Dinner Dance, 16th March, 2007 in Harrogate
48 SAE-UK President Dave Smith's Report "The Way Forward"
50 Review of the SAE-UK Northern Section Ball & Craft Awards June 9, 2006 at the Blackpool Hilton.
54 Super Car
55 SAE-UK.org Membership Application Form
56 Defence Integration Media Pack
58 SAE-UK.org Latest Events
60 SAE-UK.org/CAD
_ Inner Back Cover
- Back Cover
 
 

Energy storage system (ESS)
The advanced Nickel Metal Hydride energy storage system (ESS) supplies electrical energy to the Ev Drive's electric motor/generators. It varies in size and design to suit vehicle type and vocation. Stored energy electrical energy is created during normal motor/generator operation and regenerative braking.

The 437kg ESS contains six NiMH battery sub-packs, each sub-pack containing 40 NiMH battery modules, for a total of 240 battery modules in the ESS. NiMH is a gel-based battery technology. The sub-packs are located on either side of the ESS, with the other components; control modules, fuses and relays arranged in the centre. The system is air-cooled and a

  

Actual in-service economy improvements compared to conventional buses in the US range from 20-54 percent. Harmful emissions are also lower when compared with conventional diesel engines. Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emissionsare reduced by up to 50 percent, while particulate matter and Carbon Monoxide (CO) emissions are up to 90 percent lower. It is not just air pollution, however, that is reduced. The GM Allison Hybrid System can assist in reducing vehicle operational noise levels similar to a passenger car which also help reduce noise pollution, a significant advantage in urban environments.

Vehicle performance also improves with the enhanced acceleration provided by the electric

 
 

nominal voltage of 600V maintained. Safety features include a High Voltage Interlock Loop to protect individuals from electric shock. Furthermore, the high voltage is not chassis-grounded and each sub-pack is individually covered to separate it from the low voltage components in the centre of the pack.

Dual Power Inverter Module (DPIM)
The DPIM converts electrical energy into alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), depending on where it is to be used. The electric motor uses/produces AC and the battery
drive.A bus equipped with the GM Allison Hybrid System can be calibrated to significantly out-accelerate a similar bus fitted with a conventional drive train or alternative fuel system. Vehicle performance can also be tailored via the system controller for maximum fuel efficiency benefit according to bus fleet preference.

The biggest benefits
Hybrid technology fills a technical void where other green technologies are not yet sufficiently advanced to become commercially viable.The GM Allison
 
 

uses/produces DC. Controlled by a microprocessor the DPIM has heavy duty CAN/J1939 communication capability. All covers have High Voltage Interlock. The DPIM weighs 75kg and has a continuous power rating of 200hp. Oiled-cooled, the module shares its coolant with the Ev drive unit.

Gear Selector
The GM Allison Hybrid System gear selector is identical to the electronically controlled Allison automatic gear selectors selecting D for forward and R for reverse.

GM Allison Hybrid System
All the components work together seamlessly to create two continuously variable operating ranges. The electric motor/generators act as variable clutches to accelerate, slow or hold planetary components. The Ev Drive is an infinitely variable transmission with an unlimited number of gears.

Hybrid benefits
Since the driving force behind the development of hybrid technology was to reduce fuel consumption and harmful emissions whilst maintaining performance these are the main benefits experienced. In chassis dynamometer testing, conducted at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in the US, two 60 foot buses - one with a GM Allison Hybrid System and one with a conventional powertrain, were compared. The testing showed a 75 percent improvement in fuel economy during a typical Manhattan city bus duty cycle.

 
Hybrid System has proven to perform in real applications, it is available today and with few additional requirements to the existing transport infrastructure, little further training needed and virtually no new health and safety or maintenance implications.
The benefits of hybrid technology are best exploited by operators of urban vehicles with the highest fuel consumption and the most intensive start/stop duty cycles such as city buses. Significantly reducing fuel consumption and emissions can reduce operating cost as well as improve the environment. Hybrid benefits are also particularly important to those who operate vehicles in especially sensitive environments. One example includes the shuttle bus operator in Yosemite National Park, whereboth the passengers and the park's inhabitants appreciate the improved air quality and reduced noise levels. John Marinucci, President and CEO of US bus company, New Flyer is satisfied with the GM Allison Hybrid System. “Over the past six years we have enjoyed a successful partnership with Allison, commercialising hybrid technology for the city bus industry. We are proud of the
 
     
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